Active · 2024–2027

IPL-HRTM

IPL Contribution to the Scientific Exploitation of the High-Resolution Thermal Missions: LSTM, TRISHNA, SBG

Funded by: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Call: Proyectos de Generación de Conocimiento · Plan Estatal I+D+i 2021–2023
PI-1: José Antonio Sobrino Rodríguez
PI-2: Juan Carlos Jiménez Muñoz

The challenge

Filling a Critical Observational Gap

High-resolution thermal Earth observation has been identified as one of the most critical gaps in our ability to monitor a rapidly warming planet. To manage irrigation at field level, map urban heat islands block by block, or detect early fire hotspots, you need thermal data at ~50 m resolution — something that didn't exist until now.

The upcoming launches of LSTM (ESA), TRISHNA (CNES/ISRO), and SBG (NASA) will provide this capability. But the data is only useful if the algorithms and products are ready. That's what IPL-HRTM is building.

Landsat TIR
100 m
16 days
MODIS
1 km
1–2 days
LSTM (new)
~50 m
2 days
ECOSTRESS
70 m
Non-systematic

From satellite data to impact

1
Raw satellite thermal data
LSTM · TRISHNA · SBG · Airborne
2
Pre-processing & atmospheric correction
WP1 + WP2.1
3
Land & Sea Surface Temperature
WP2.2 · Novel LST/SST algorithms
4
Derived products
WP3 · ET, SUHI, water stress, hotspots
5
Calibration & Validation
WP4 · 6 stations + field campaigns
6
Real-world applications
WP5 · Agriculture, cities, fires, coasts

Deliverables

What We're Building

Concrete algorithms, datasets, software tools, and validated products — all published as open access.

Algorithm WP2.2

LST Retrieval — LSTM/TRISHNA/SBG

Novel algorithms for Land Surface Temperature retrieval at ~50 m resolution. Physically-based and machine-learning approaches. Published as ATBD.

Algorithm WP3.1–3.2

Evapotranspiration & Water Stress

Surface energy balance models applied to high-resolution thermal imagery for precision agriculture and water resource management.

Algorithm WP3.3

Urban Heat Island Mapping

SUHI indices (UFTVI, DI, SUHImax, SUHImin) computed from high-resolution thermal data. Compared against ECOSTRESS.

Dataset WP4

Calibration / Validation Database

Multi-year in-situ measurements from 6 permanent stations across Spain, plus data from intensive campaigns in Europe and the USA.

Software WP5.1

Water Management Prototype

End-to-end demo application for water stress and ET mapping in agricultural areas across Spain, Italy, and France.

Software WP5.4

Thermal Anomaly Detection

Operational algorithms for forest fire front detection, volcanic hotspots, and peat/coal fire monitoring.

Software WP5.3

Crop Yield Estimation

Empirical EO-based models connecting satellite thermal and optical data with agricultural statistics for wheat and rice.

Dataset WP1

Satellite Pre-processed Database

Unified-format collection of LSTM, TRISHNA, SBG, Landsat, and ECOSTRESS imagery deposited in open repositories (Zenodo, Figshare).

Publication WP6.1

Open-Access Publications

Results published preferentially as Open Access in Remote Sensing of Environment, IEEE TGRS, J. Geophys. Research, and others.

Progress

Project Milestones

MS1.1

Pre-processed satellite & airborne database available

Y2–Q4
MS2.1

LST maps generated and available in open formats

Y2–Q4
MS3.1

Product maps (ET, SUHI, hotspots) generated

Y3–Q2
MS4.1

Cal/Val comparison against in-situ completed

Y3–Q3
MS5.1

All applications fully developed and deployed

Y3–Q3
MS6.1

Mid-term review report

Y2–Q2
MS6.2

Final report and project completion

Y3–Q4

Timeline

3-Year Schedule

Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
WP1 Pre-processing
WP2 ST Retrieval
WP3 Products
WP4 Cal/Val
WP5 Applications
WP6 Management

Field Campaigns

Y1–Y3
Annual intensive campaigns (WP4.1)
Spain, France, Italy, USA, India · NASA, ESA, CNES, ONERA, KCL
Y1+
ESA ESTEC & ESRIN (LSTM mission)
2 trips/year · Noordwijk & Frascati · ESA team
Y1+
CNES Toulouse (TRISHNA mission)
2 trips/year · Toulouse, France · CNES team
Y3
RAQRS symposium
Torrent, Spain (planned 2026) · International community

Built on 25 years of experience

Previous Projects

IPL-LSTM

Predecessor

Preparatory science for the ESA LSTM mission. Established the algorithm baseline and permanent station network.

TIRSAT

National

Thermal infrared satellite data processing chain development and initial cal/val station deployment.

CEOS-SPAIN2

CEOS

International Committee on Earth Observation Satellites — Spain II. Expanded cal/val activities.

CEOS-SPAIN

CEOS

First CEOS coordination for Spanish thermal sensor calibration and validation framework.

MORERA (CDTI)

Ongoing

Currently active CDTI-funded project led by PI-1. SAR and thermal remote sensing activities.

ESA-funded campaigns

ESA

Multiple ESA-funded intensive field campaigns over Spain coordinated by the GCU for sensor calibration.